[[インド・北インド]]

*バナーラス（ベナレス）  Varanasi [#v1af4c7d]
-ガンジス河沿いにあるヒンズー教最大の聖地。~
-この町の近くで、ヴァルナー川とアシー川がガンジス河注ぐ。町はこの２つの川に囲まれている。~
-母なる大河ガンジス河で沐浴する巡礼者がインド全土から年間100万人も訪れる。~
-朝焼けの中の沐浴風景が世界中の人々に神秘的なベナレスの魅力を増幅させ、多くの旅行者がこの地を目指す。~
-遠藤周作の小説『深い河』、最近では長澤まさみ主演でテレビドラマ化された『ガンジス河でバタフライ』もここが舞台になっている。~
-正式名である「ヴァラナシ」のほかに、地元の人々に使われる「バナーラス Banaras」、英語名の「ベナレス Benares」、また「カーシー Kashi」という呼称もある。~
-古くからヒンドゥ教の聖地として寺院が建設されたが、イスラム教徒の支配下ではシヴァ寺院をはじめ多くが破壊された。~
-ガンジス河の川べりには「ガート」と呼ばれる階段状の沐浴場が100以上も続いている。~
-巡礼者たちの沐浴が見られるのは早朝。昼間は暑さしのぎの水浴びをしている人がちらほらいる程度で、あまり神聖な雰囲気はない。~
-ガートの背後にある旧市街は狭い小路が入り組んでいる。観光客向けの小さなみやげ物店や安宿なども並んでいるが、中級以上のホテルのほとんどはカントンメントと呼ばれる新市街側にある。~
-Qkbt
***アクセス [#ld87a07b]
-空路~
ヴァラナス・バーバトプル空港　　Varanasi Babatpur Airport（VNS）~
市中心部から北西に25km。~
国内線が多く、デリー、アーグラ、ジャイプルなどの定期便が運航されている。~
国際線ではネパール・カトマンズ便が運行されている。~
-鉄道~
ヴァラナスには鉄道の駅が3つある。~
--カーシー駅、~
--シティー駅、~
--バラナシ・ジャンクション駅  Varanasi Cantonment Railway Station(最も主要な駅)~
デリーまで特急で約13〜16時間、コルカタまでは約13時間、ムンバイまでは約28時間。~
***主な見どころ [#d312dda0]
-ガンジス川河岸：~
夜明けから巡礼者が沐浴し、祈りを捧げる場所。 ~
-ヴィシュワナート寺院（Kashi Vishwanath Temple）：~
シヴァ神をまつった有名な寺院。現在の建物は1780年に再建されたもので、金のドームがありゴールデン・テンプルとも言われる。 ~
-トゥルスィー・マーナス寺院：~
白の大理石の壁面に、ラーマーヤナの神話が彫られている。 ~
-ドゥルガー寺院（Durga Temple）：~
シヴァ神の妃である女神ドゥルガーをまつっている。 ~
-バーラト・マーター寺院：~
マハトマ・ガンジーが創始した寺院。 ~
-バナーラス・ヒンドゥー大学（Banaras Hindu University、BHU） ~
***近郊 [#nb259758]
-サールナート：~
郊外約10キロにある。釈迦が初めて説法を行った場所。~
仏教では鹿野苑とも言う。紀元前3世紀にアショーカ王が設立した建築物の遺跡がある。 ~
--ラームナガル城博物館 ~
--考古学博物館~
-イラーハーバード~
120キロ西~
-ミルザープル~
約50キロ南西。~

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20171114caihuali -- [[20171114caihuali]] &new{2017-11-14 (火) 18:04:42};

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